Comparison of Serum Level of Vitamin D3 in Covid-19 Patients and Non-Infected Individuals

Background and Objective: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused the death of many people, mainly by causing respiratory failure. The method of quarantine for the control of this disease leads to deprivation of vitamin D3 production. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D3 level and risk of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in BouAli Sina Hospital in Qazvin, Iran in September 2020. The statistical population of the case group included patients with COVID-19 referred to this center, while the control group comprised non-COVID-19 patients who referred to the center. Vitamin D3 levels of the participants were assessed and the findings were recorded. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests. Results: The case group with positive COVID-19 included 81 patients and the control group consisted of 77 patients. The mean age of the subjects was 44.80±14.40 years, and 67 of them were male. Based on the findings, 66 (81.5%) out of all the patients with COVID-19 were deficient in vitamin D3, while in the control group, 44 (57.1%) subjects were deficient in vitamin D3 (P=0.001).   Conclusion: In this study, it was found that vitamin D3 is an acceptable protective factor against COVID-19 and its deficiency will increase the risk of developing this disease.